PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF Sargassum vulgare AND Cystoseira spp. COLLECTED FROM AL-HAMAMA COAST, NORTHEASTERN LIBYA
Abstract
Background: Marine brown algae contain diverse metabolites that may exhibit antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Their chemical composition and biological properties can vary with taxonomic identity, environmental conditions, sample handling, and extraction procedures.
Aim: To characterize and compare ethanolic extracts of Sargassum vulgare and Cystoseira spp. collected from the Al-Hamama coast, northeastern Libya, with respect to phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and antibacterial activity.
Methods: Algal material was reportedly collected on 15 May 2026 from a coastal depth of 0–1.5 m. Three separately processed replicates were reported for each algal group. For each replicate, 10 g of dried material was extracted with 100 g of ethanol. The planned analyses included total phenolic content (TPC) by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, total flavonoid content (TFC) by an aluminium chloride colorimetric assay, DPPH radical-scavenging activity, antibacterial activity by disc diffusion, and HPLC analysis of five target compounds. Details of several analytical conditions and quantitative results remain to be verified from the original records.
Results: Approximate wet and dry weights were reported as 140 g and 120 g, respectively, corresponding to calculated moisture and dry-matter contents of 14.29% and 85.71%, provided that the weights represent the same material before and after drying. Preliminary HPLC transcriptions listed gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid, with summed reported amounts of 0.088 mg for Sargassum and 0.090 mg for Cystoseira. These values are provisional because the amounts, percentages, and peak-area records are not fully reconciled. Verified quantitative results for TPC, TFC, DPPH activity, and antibacterial inhibition were not available for this draft.
Conclusion: The manuscript establishes a framework for comparing two brown-algal groups from the Al-Hamama coast. Definitive conclusions about differences in chemical composition or biological activity require verification of the original laboratory data, full methodological reporting, taxonomic confirmation, and appropriate statistical analysis.
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References
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